Lake Natron

Natron is a shallow lake in the Rift with no outlet, fed by hot springs and evaporating in extreme heat, which leaves the water strongly alkaline and at times red with salt-loving microorganisms. Almost nothing survives in it, which is precisely why lesser flamingos nest here: the caustic water keeps predators away from the mud nest mounds. It is effectively the only regular breeding site for the species in East Africa, and the population depends on it. The lake is up to 57 kilometres long, less than three metres deep and can reach a pH above 12; the basin is a Ramsar wetland.

What you'll find

• The flamingo breeding - the only regular nesting ground for East Africa's lesser flamingos.
• The red water - salt-loving microorganisms colouring the shallows.
• The Ngare Sero gorge - a walk up a stream gorge to waterfalls near the lake.
• The Ol Doinyo Lengai view - the volcano standing above the southern shore.

When to go

June to October is driest and the most reliable for access. Breeding is tied to water levels and does not happen every year. Temperatures here are extreme through the middle of the day.

Things to know

The nesting colonies cannot be approached and are viewed from a great distance; disturbance is a serious threat. Heat here is severe, often over forty degrees. Roads are rough and multiple village fees are charged along the way.

Nearby

Ol Doinyo Lengai is south, and Engaruka is beyond it.

Key facts