Candi Penataran

Penataran is the largest surviving temple complex in East Java, built and extended over roughly two and a half centuries spanning the Kediri and Majapahit periods. Instead of one great mass like Borobudur, it is a sequence of walled courtyards rising gently toward the volcano Kelud, with the holiest structures at the back. The Naga temple is the oddity: a small building whose body is encircled by a great stone serpent held up by a row of figures. Beyond it, a broad terraced platform carries reliefs of the Ramayana and the Krishna stories, cut in the flat, angular wayang manner that replaced the rounded classical style. Inscribed gateways and paired guardian statues mark the entrances.

Highlights

• The Naga temple - the small shrine encircled by a stone serpent carried by standing figures.
• The main terrace reliefs - Ramayana and Krishna scenes cut in flat wayang-style profile.
• The gateways - inscribed portals and paired guardian statues at each courtyard.
• The Kelud backdrop - the volcano rising behind the upper terraces on a clear morning.

When to go

Dry season, May to September, and early in the day: there is almost no shade on the terraces and the stone gets hot by mid-morning. Weekdays are quiet, weekends bring school groups. Clear mornings give the view up to Kelud, which is usually in cloud by the afternoon.

Before you go

The complex is roofless and exposed, and the reliefs need patience and ideally a guide to read, since on-site labelling is thin and mostly in Indonesian. Several structures survive only as foundations, so imagination does some of the work. Blitar is off the main tourist circuit, which in practice means hiring a car for the day to get here and back.

Nearby

Blitar town is twelve kilometres south; the volcano Kelud rises to the north.

Key facts