Alcazaba of Almeria

Abd al-Rahman III founded the Alcazaba in 955 when Almeria was the principal port of the Cordoban caliphate, and it grew into the largest Muslim fortification built anywhere in Spain, covering about 25,000 square metres in three successive walled enclosures rising along a ridge. The first is now planted as gardens with water channels; the second held the palace and mosque, of which foundations, cisterns and baths survive along with a reconstructed dwelling; the third is a Christian castle added after 1489 with round towers and thicker walls, built for artillery. Earthquakes in 1522 and later damaged much of it. From the walls the view runs over the old town, the port and the Cerro San Cristobal opposite.

What to look for

• The three enclosures - successive walled compounds climbing the ridge.
• The palace remains - foundations, cisterns and baths in the second enclosure.
• The Christian castle - artillery towers added after 1489.
• The city and bay view - Almeria, its port and the surrounding hills.

When to go

Spring and autumn; Almeria is one of the hottest and driest cities in Europe, and the climb has little shade. Mornings are best, and the site closes earlier in summer afternoons.

What to expect

The climb from the old town is steep and there is no lift. Much of the palace area is foundations rather than standing building, damaged by earthquakes. Interpretation is limited outside the small displays.

Nearby

Almeria cathedral and the old town lie below; the Cabo de Gata park is southeast along the coast.

Key facts